STOP DEN VERDENSOMSPÆMDENDE
BUSH FIRE
Hvis nogen synes, der er smidt alt for mange bomber i Iraq og andre steder, så kik her og se hvad der er gang i hos alle dem, der ikke er med os pacifister. Jeg må virkelig skamme mig over mit danske statsborgerskab. Som pacifist har jeg vist ikke meget jeg kan udrette i Irak, hvor våbenmagtens voldelige sprog er blevet det eneste der er tilbage. Nå jeg behøver nu ikke rejse så langt for Dansk våbenindustri og krigskammeraterne er kommet med på verdenskortet.
Jeg vil starte med slutningen US CENTCOM – Herfra tages beslutningerne – det er meget seriøst – læs selv hvordan det opleves af de danske officerer på stedet:
http://www.flv.dk/admins/nyheder/artikel.result.asp?id=738
Mon også de har travlt med at diskutere alt det andet der sker omkring dem? Når jeg ser det glade smil på Søren Falk-Portved ansigt, skulle man ikke tro der var noget særligt i gære derovre. Men det er der altså alligevel. Jeg vil her sende en del links til web sider ud. Simpelthen fordi dette her er så omfattende, at jeg har opgivet at gøre rede for det på dansk. Jeg håber folk der ikke kan engelsk vil spørge andre der kan, så alle kan få del i de mange hemmeligheder vores militære ledelse og politikerne har båret rundt på.
Jeg vil lige lægge ud med en lille liste over, hvad der er i kog på militærfronten:
http://www.wslfweb.org/docs/roadmap/irm/initlist.htm
Det danske militær opbygger verdensomspændende kommunikations netværk til at kommandere, kontrollere, kommunikere, overvåge og indsamle efterretninger for vores tropper i hæren, søværnet og luftværnet.
Man kan tage en tur rundt i landet og inspicere antennerne efterhånden som de opføres. Blandt andet er der en hel park af antenner uden i Kongelunden på Aflandshage. Her er også opført nogle bygninger omgivet af et stært bevogtet hegn (stadig under konstruktion). Ude på Peberholmen.hvor Øresundsbroen passerer, kan man også snart se antennerne. Forsvarsministeriet har allerede bevilget deres opførelse ved lov og med mulighed for videreudvikling af systemet uden andre myndigheder så som frednings- og natur myndigheder får lov blande sig heri. Selvfølgelig sker alt dette, jeg havde nær sagt som sædvanlig i terror-truslens navn. På andre kasserner bliver der bygget atomsikre anlæg.
Jeg gad godt vide, hvor mange terrorister vi fanger på denne her måde, døm selv når i har læst videre:
”Forsvarsministeriet vil fortsat arbejde med opkopling af relevante operative netværk til NATO’s (NNEC – Network Enabling Capabilities) tilsvarende netværk for at sikre interoperabilitet og på sigt klargøre til netværks baserede operationer”.
Den danske våbenindustri med MÆRSK DATA DEFENCE A/S og TERMA i spidsen har kronede dage for tiden med at udvikle og producere nye kommunikationssystemer.
Odin systemet er et system med ’informationsoverlegenhed’; et ’state of the art’ C3IS (control, command, communication, intelligence and surveillance) førings- beslutningsstøtte- og kommunikationssystem til landbaserede enheder, der bla. bygger på NATO standarderne (MIP, C2EDM, APP6A og JC3EDM. ICS 2000 er et fuldt integreret kommunikationssystem, som i fremtiden vil kunne styre danske F 16 fly og fremtidens jagerfly Joint Strike Fighteren sikkert såvel som krigsskibe og landbaserede mobile radiocontainere, blot for at nævne et par eksempler.
Mærsk Data Defence A/S har bogstaveligt talt mange jern i ilden. Jeg vil ikke gå i dybden hermed, for så blev jeg aldrig færdig. Dog vil jeg lige nævne Lindø værftet og de såkaldet flex støtteskibe, der bygges derovre. Fåborg værft kan også lige komme med på listen.
”Det nye DEHAWK også kaldet Danish
Enhanched HAWK fordi væsentlige dele er dansk produceret (TERMA), har fået nye
radarer og nye mobile kontrolvogne, hvorfra luftkampen styres. De nye radar er
mere præcise end de gamle og har bedre modforanstaltninger mod elektronisk
krigsførelse. Samtidig er det blevet muligt at anvende data fra andre landes
radarsystemer.”
Kilde: Flyvematrielkommandoen <http://www.flv.dk/information/flynyt/2003/FLY%2020031%20si%2030%20-39.pdf>
De danske F-16 er ligeledes blevet opgraderet, så de kan afsende bomber af sted i al slags vejr, dag og nat. De nye smarte bomber (Joint Direct Attack Munition - JDAM er selvstyrende via signaler fra satelitter (GPS). Danmark er lead nation på JDAM området. Det finansieret af de fire F-16 nationer i Europa: Belgien, Holland, Norge og Danmark. Fuld beskrivelse af (GPS), JDAM, F-16 kan findes på:
http://gps.losangeles.af.mil/index.htm.
Mobile Control and Report Centre (Mobile CRC) eller i daglig tale Batmobilen, er et mobilt kontrol- og varslingscenter. Batmobilens deltagelse i øvelse Battle Griffin er endnu et skridt på vejen til, at det mobile center skal være fuldt operativ i 2008, som det er planlagt. http://forsvaret.dk/FTK/Nyt+og+Presse/Batmobilen+bruger+Battle+Griffin+til+egen+udvikling.htm
Defence procurement Agency i England er også klar i 2008 med de nye Astute Class ubåde - <http://www.mod.uk/dpa/news/pn2003/oct03/astute.htm>, men her vil jeg vende tilbage på et senre tidspunkt og forklare hvilke nye bomber de får med ombord, herunder de nye mini-atombomber, som altså også kan installeres på Joint Strike Fighteren til sin tid og på en række andre maskiner.
http://www.nmci.navy.mil/Secondary_Areas/FAQs/Index.htm#Q13#Q13.
Dette er en liste over forskellige sub-organisationer og opgaver disse har under NATO.
http://www.nato.int/docu/handbook/2001/hb140301.htm
Dette er EUs forsvars agentur.
http://ue.eu.int/uedocs/cmsUpload/st08967.en05.pdf
CONTRACTS from the United States Department of
Defense.
General Dynamics C4 Systems, Taunton, Mass., was awarded on June 2,
2005, a $7,632,000 increment as part of a $126,672,195 cost-plus-fixed-fee,
cost-plus-award-fee, and time and materials contract for a further development
of
an initial architecture for the Warfighter Information Network - Tactical
Communication System. Work will be performed in Taunton, Mass. (75
percent) and
Gaithersburg, Md. (25 percent), and is expected to be completed by Jan. 9,
2006.
Contract funds will not expire at the end of the current fiscal year.
There were
an unknown number of bids solicited via the World Wide Web on April 8, 2002,
and
three bids were received. The U.S. Army Communications-Electronics
Command, Fort
Monmouth, N.J., is the contracting activity (DAAB07-02-C-F404). Kilde Holger Terp redactor af
Fredsakademiet.
“Europa
behøver for eksempel mere ‘command, control, and communications’ systemer, og
store kapasitet til at flytte mandskab og udstyr…Dette giver ifølge CER,
Bulletin en anledning til at kreere et Europæisk Forsvars Akademi, til at
levere almindelig uddannelses basis for officererne fra de mange EU lande”.
Dette er beskrivelsen af grundstationen til C3I – Command, Control,
Communication og efterretnings jord stationer – Joint STARS. <http://www.fas.org/irp/program/process/jstars-gsm.htm>
(fuld beskrivelse nedenfor).
<http://www.fas.org/irp/doddir/army/fm34-25-1/Ch2.htm#s2>
Hærens luftbårne commando:
<http://www.raytheon.com/products/static/node3405.html>
GSM overfører data fra Joint STARS fly Commanders Tactical Terminals
(CTT), Joint Tactical Terminal
(JTT) og ubemandede fly fartøjer og videresender bearbejdede efterretninger,
kampledelse og mål data til hærens Kommando, Kontrol og kommunikations og
Efterretnings (C3I) enhed.. Dette muliggør integreret kamp styring,
overvågning, målsøgning og sammenført planlægning kan udføres med brug af
næsten real time informationer.
Den kommende GSM – også kendt som Common
Ground Station (CGS) er den næste generation af efterretnings og elektronisk
krigsførelse (IEW) system….En serie af forberedte produkt forbedringer (P31)
vil tilføje yderligere sensor interfaces og data ’correlation’ bearbejdnings
muligheder til CGS.
GSM kan videregive information til dets
støttende enheder, til E-8 eller andre GSM via stemmel, landlinier, UHF, VHF,
SATCOM, cell-telefon m.m.
Det fremtidige system vil blive en
almindelig grund station - Block
II Common Ground Station (CGS). Self-Defence Suite kapacitet (SDS) om bord på E-8
er designet til at levere nogle målinger af forsvar mod luft og jord angreb.
SDS yder flybesætningen kontinuerlig situations opmærksomhed … og beskyttelse
mod flere typer af luft – og jord affyrede missiler. Det modtager trussel
informationer over JTIDS og konstant kildemateriale terminaler fra blandt andet
AWACS, luftbårne kommando og kontrol center (ABCCC), RIVET JOINT og
jordbaserede sensorer og C3I enheder.
AWACS – <http://www.e3a.nato.int/info/NSUPO/Default.htm>:
NATO Airborne Early Warning Force (NAEWF). NATO
Airborne Early Warning commando styrke har hovedkvarter i Mons i Belgien hos Supreme Headquaters
Allied Powers Europe (SHAPE).
Idag har NATO oprettet AWACS (Airbourne Early Warning Force) i Geilenkirchen, Tyskland (kaldet E-3A). Dette er en MOB (Main Operation Base). Denne base ligger tæt ved den Hollandske grænse. Her arbejder 25 danske militær folk. Derudover er 3 personer tilknyttet Det Danske Element.
I nærheden på den Hollandske side af grænsen ligger NATO’s regionale hovedkvarter JOINT FORCE COMMAND HEADQUATERS og AWACS Programme Management Agency, kun 30 minuters kørsel fra Belgien (hvor NATO’s hovedkvarter er beliggende) og to timers kørsel fra Frankrig og Luxembourgh.
Udover MOB er der tilknyttet 4 fremskudte baser – Forward Operating Bases, hvortil der regelmæssigt foretages opstillinger af missiler (deployment). De fire fremskudte baser er beliggende i :
*Aktion i Grækenland
*Konya i Tyrkiet
*Oerland i Norge
*Trapani i Italien
NATO’s fortsatte tilstedeværelse i Afghanistan (ISAF) og Iraq for at indføre demokrati og frihed har fået NATO ledelsen til at oprette flere skoler for personel.
Iraq Training Mission, Iraq (NTM-I) vil bestå af 300 personer, der skal træne Iraks sikkerheds styrker.
En ny skole i Oberammergau vil træne NATO’s personel ved hjælp af den seneste informations teknologi. Projektet vil gøre det muligt for NATO’s hærledere og soldater samt ”partnere fra andre lande” at holde trit med de fremtidige krav til samarbejde under fælles operationer.
Mons, Belgien: Begrebet SHAPE = ”Surpreme Headquaters Allied Powers Europe” dækker over det område udenfor Mons, hvor
SHAPE
staben De nationale militære ”National
Military Representatives” (NMR),
”Combined
Joint Planning Staff” (CJPS),
”NATO
Airbourne Early Warning Force Command” (NAEWFC),
”Partnership
Coordination Cell (PCC) og
”Regional
Signal Group SHAPE” (RSGS)
Samt ”tilhørende støttefunktioner” er placeret.
SHAPE er under ledelse af Marine Corps Gen. James L. Jones, Supreme Commander Allied Powers Europe. Han udtaler:
”INDSÆTTELSE AF STYRKER UDENFOR EUROPA ’er konceptet, der får os væk fra det statiske 20 århundredes defensive tilstand som karateriserede allincen siden dens dannelse i 1949’.
NATO blev dannet for at give et værn mod potentiel Sovjetisk aggresion mod Vesteuropa. Men siden skiftet i Sovjet Unionen i 1991 og fremkomsten af asymetriske trusler personificeret ved terrorist angreb på USA og andre steder, har ledere eftertrykkeligt bedt NATO om at transformere og blive mere flexibel og hurtigt udrykkende....”
NATO’s udryknings styrke vil transformere alliancen. Den nye styrke er blevet dannet med henblik på operationer udenfor NATO’s eget område – Out of Area operations.
4. marts 2005 i Washington udtaler Supreme Allied Commander US Marine Corps General James L Jones til Gerry J. Gilmore: ”Den nye NATO ekspeditionsstyrke har brug for visse indbyggede kapaciteter, der kan transformeres, så som et integreret efterretnings center”. Senior US regerings og allierede ledere har for nylig rejst den ide at NATO tropper måske vil blive sendt til Mellemøsten for at være stødpude mellem israelitterne og palæstinenserne.
< http://www.nato.int/shape/news/2005/03/i0500304a.htm >
SHAPE er også EU Operation Headquater (OHQ)
EU’s
Command Element er i JFC (Joint Force Command i Italien).
EU’s Operations kommandør (EU op Cdr) støttes af hele EU Operation Headquater (OHQ), hvori EU staff Group (EUSG) danner hele kernen i EU’s operations Hovedkvarter EU OHQ.
EUSG bliver ledet af en svensk officer og er sammensat af medlemmer fra Østrig, Belgien, Tyskland, Grækenland, Irland, Italien, Nederlandene, Spanien, Sverige og Storbritannien.
Hvert land har sin ekspert til forskellige funktioner – personel, efterretningstjeneste, logistik, strategisk planlægning, CIS, finans- og jurister, der sluttelig vil støtte udvikling af planerne for operationen og derefter selve operationen.
Kommandoer fra EU Operation Headquater (OHQ) vil f.eks. blive sendt via JFC i Italien og EUFOR HQ i Sarajevo, som derefter kan søge efterretninger og kommandere rundt med tropperne på Balkan.
Joint Warfare Center
Stavanger: Ved NATO’s sidste omstrukturering blev JCN den 23. oktober 2003 nedlagt og samme dag oprettedes det fælles Krigsførelses Center: Joint Warfare Center (JWC). JWC er placeret sammen - og integreret med Forsvarets Operative Hovedkvarter (FOHK). (eng. National Joint Headquaters Norway). Der er ni nationer tilknyttet til JWC. Danmark er kun repræsenteret med få personer. I alt 280 personer vil skulle gøre tjeneste ved JWC, når JWC 1. juli 2006 er fuldt operativt. For tiden er der 9 nationer tilknyttet JWC. Disse er Canada, Danmark, England, Holland, Norge, Polen, Tyrkiet, Tyskland og USA. USA, Tyskland og England er hovedaktørerne, mens Danmark, Canada og Holland kun spiller biroller. Opgaverne er fælles eksperimenter, udvikling af nye doktriner, træning på Skolen i Portugal og Polen, for at lære at lave analyser af, hvorledes man samarbejder om at dræbe flest mulige med det mest avancerede og sofistikerede våbenarsenal nogensinde i verdenshistorien (hvortil kommer at kunne gøre det så billigt som muligt).
På det strategiske plan er der kun en kommando med operationelt ansvar, Allied Command Operations kommanderet af den øverste allierede kommandør i Europa (Supreme Allied Commander Europe SACEUR) – tidligere Allied Command Europe og Allied Command Atlantic.
SACEUR fortsætter med at have to kasketter på som Commander US European Command. Bemærk det lille US foran betegnelsen.
Hertil kommer en helt ny ”funktional command”, Allied Command Transformation (ACT) som bliver kommanderet af Supreme Allied Commander Transformation (SACT).
ACTC blev dannet for at tage ansvaret for at promovere og holde øje med den fortsatte omdannelse af Alliancens styrker og formåen. SACT vil også få to kasketter som Commandor, US Joint Forces Command for tiden Adm. Michael G. Mullen. Den får hjemsted i Nordfolk, US: træning, forbedre yde evne, teste og udvikle doktriner og udføre eksperimenter for at tilføje nye koncepter og så videre...
ACT inkluderer det fælles krigs center i Norge (Joint Warfare Centre), det ny Joint Force Traning Centre i Polen og det fælles Analyse og erfaringscenter i Portugal Joint Analysis and Lesson Learned Centre). Headquaters Supreme Allied Command Transformation (HQSACT) leder også det undersøiske Research Center i La Spezia, Italien. Der er direkte forbindelse mellem ACT, Alliance Schools og NATO agenturer så vel som mellem US Joint Forces Command.
Foruden de to Joint Force Command i Brunssum i Holland og Naples i Italien bliver der en også en Joint Command i Lisabon i Portugal, hvorfra et spredt sø-baseret ’command joint task force’ (CJTF) hovedkvarterers kapasitet kan blive trukket.
I tillæg til disse ovennævnte komponenter vil der blive dannet fire faste kombinerede operations centre (Combined Air Operations Centers (CAOC’s):
*Uedem, Tyskland
*Finderup, Danmark
*Poggio Renatico, Italien
*Larissa, Grækenland
Og to der kan indsættes i Uedem og Poggio Renatico, samt en base i Torrejon Air base i Spaniener vil lægge faciliteter til træning af de spredte styrkers evne til at mobilisere og indsætte militære isenkram.
Ikke så indviklet endda. Det er i hvert fald helt sikkert at tropperne er rykket i stilling, bliver trænet og udstationeres. Spørgsmålet er bare hvor og til hvad? Efter Iraq krigen skulle man tro de gale krigere havde fået nok drab pr. investeret $, men det var desværre kun toppen af isbjerget. Krigen mod terror fortsætter i det uendelige.
Hvis nogen stadig gider mere, så check lige denne side, her kan du selv vælge målet for en bunker buster bombe, og se effekten heraf på en by i USA;
<http://www.fas.org/main/content.jsp?formAction=297&contentId=367>
Det er en helt ny verdensorden, men ikke en verdensorden jeg har lyst til at leve med. Det er nødvendigt med en hel ny verden, hvor alle disse planer bliver skrottet nu; hvor vores politikere bliver stillet til ansvar for deres fortsatte medvirken til tortur og krigsforbrydelser og forbrydelser mod menneskeheden. Det er nødvendigt at få lavet lovene om, så de igen beskytter borgerne og ikke den internationale sværvægter industri og våbengiganterne; Dette er nødvendigt at få renset vores jord for radioaktivt affald og at få alle atomvåben helt afskaffet inden vi igangsætter produktionen af den næste generation af atomvåben. Dette er nødvendigt at skabe en retfærdig verden, hvor vi borgere kan og skal leve fredeligt sammen. En verden, hvor grådighed bliver straffet hårdere end de mennesker, der har måttet leve i fattigdom, sult og nød.
STOP BUSH, NATO, EU i deres militær kup. – NU eller aldrig. Der må nye politikere til. Ingen befolkning skal stå model til så mange løgne over så mange år fra de personer der er givet magt i tillid til at vi lever i et demokrati.
Hele beskrivelsen fra http://www.fas.org/irp/program/process/jstars-gsm.htm
Joint STARS
Ground Stations (JSTARS-GSM)
The Joint
Surveillance Target Attack Radar System (Joint STARS) Ground Station Module
(GSM) is a Mobile Multisensor Imagery Intelligence (IMINT) tactical data processing
and evaluation center. The GSM is a subcomponent of a joint Army/Air Force
program whose other major component is the E-8 airborne platform. The Joint
STARS system is designed to detect, locate and track moving and stationary
ground equipment targets located beyond the Forward Line of Troops (FLOT). The
GSM processes data from the Joint STARS aircraft Commanders Tactical Terminals
(CTT), Joint Tactical Terminal (JTT), and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) and
disseminates intelligence, battle management and targeting data to Army
Command, Control, Communications and Intelligence (C3I) nodes via lan, wire or
radio. This enables integrated battle management, surveillance, targeting and
interdiction plans to be developed/executed using near real-time data.
The
follow-on GSM, also known as the Common Ground Station (CGS), is the next
generation Intelligence and Electronic Warfare (IEW) system. Leveraging off the
GSM open architecture the CGS will incorporate secondary Imagery Dissemination
(SIDs) and other sensor data providing tactical commanders a comprehensive and
common view of the battlefield to aid in battle management, intelligence, and
targeting operations. The CGS is also currently in LRIP. A series of
Pre-Planned Product Improvement (P3I) are scheduled to add additional sensor
interfaces and data correlation processing capabilities to the CGS.
TRANSPORTATION
CHARACTERISTICS / LIMITATIONS: The MGSM is C-17, C-141, and C5 transportable
and is sling loadable via CH-47D. The LGSM and CGS are transportable like the
MGSM and additionally are drive on C-130 transportable and can be sling loaded
by a CH-53E.
HISTORICAL
BACKGROUND:
May 82
USDRE directed joint program combining AF's PAVE MOVER and Army's SOTAS
programs.
Nov 90 GSMs
fielded to Operation Desert Storm.
Sep 93 MGSM
LRIP contract awarded.
Jul 95 LGSM
LRIP contract awarded.
Dec 95 CGS
LRIP contract awarded.
Dec 95
LGSM/MGSMs fielded to Operation Joint Endeavor.
REQUIREMENTS
DOCUMENT: ROC approved Apr 86; JSOR approved Nov 92; Revised ROC approved Nov
92.
TYPE
CLASSIFICATION: All GSMs currently designated Limited Procurement. TC Standard
(Milestone III Scheduled 3Q98).
EVENT
SCHEDULE FISCAL YEAR 96 97 98 99 00 01
QTR 1
2 3 4 1
2 3 4 1
2 3 4 1
2 3 4 1
2 3 4 1
2 3 4
MGSM: LRIP
Phase -------3
FUE 4
Fielding 2--------- ----2
LGSM: LRIP ----------- ----------- ---------3
Fielding
EMD/LRIP 2------4 4--- ---------3
CGS:
Production 1--------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
FUE
4
Fielding
2--------- ----------- ----------- -----------
Joint STARS
Ground Station Module (GSM)
AN/TSQ-132(V)1,
Interim Ground Station Module (IGSM)
AN/TSQ-132(V)2,
Limited Procurement Urgent (LPU) GSM
AN/TSQ-178,
Light Ground Station Module
Joint STARS
is a joint Army-Air Force wide-area- surveillance system that provides battle
management and targeting information. It supports situation development and
targeting of mobile and fixed ground targets and slow moving rotary wing
aircraft. Joint STARS consists of an Air Force E8C aircraft and Army GSMs. Two
separate GSM configurations exist. The Medium GSM (MGSM) is housed in a
Standard S280 shelter and mounted on a 5-ton truck. A lightweight, rapidly
deployable variant, the Light GSM (LGSM) is housed in a Lightweight
Multipurpose Shelter (LMS) and mounted on a High Mobility Multipurpose Wheeled
Vehicle (HMMWV). The Light Ground Station Module (AN/TSQ-178) provides acurate
fixed and moving target locations, speed and direction of movement and classification
of tracked/wheeled vehecles via J-STARS downlink. The MGSM and LGSM have
completed Engineering and Manufacturing Development (EMD), and are currently in
Low Rate Initial Production (LRIP).
The E8C
collects MTI, FTI and SAR radar data using a multimode radar. The Army’s GSMs
receive and analyze the radar imagery data from the E8C. They are capable of
receiving imagery from the Army’s UAV-SR and SIGINT data through the Commanders
Tactical Terminal (CTT). The GSMs are distributed to all echelons brigade and
above. It supports surveillance, intelligence, targeting and battle management
functions with NRT interactive displays which can be reproduced on a remote
terminal. The operator provides accurate fixed and moving target locations,
speed, target classification, and direction of movement. The GSM is equipped
with standard tactical communications, secure commercial communications and
dedicated TACFIRE and ASAS digital links using preformatted auto-filled message
formats. The E8C/GSM data link is a wideband, anti-jam, Two way data link.
Requests for special radar products are requested through this data link. The
E8C and GSMs are also linked through secure UHF and VHF radios.
Basis of
Issue: 6 per DIV, 6 Per Corps, 2 per EAC, 1 Per ACR
SYSTEM
SUMMARY
FEATURES:
• .
Situation development
• .
Battle management
• .
Targeting
• .
Force protection
• .
Limited BDA/TDA
• .
Operations Planning
PHYSICAL
PARAMETERS:
• .
Light - 2xHMMWV & shelter
• .
Medium - 2x5-Ton, shelter & 30Kw
PERFORMANCE
AND CHARACTERISTICS:
• .
Joint STARS data:
o '
Wide area surveillance
§ -
MTI
o '
Small area surveillance
§ -
Sector search
§ -
Target classification
§ -
Attack planning
§ -
Attack control
§ -
Target tracking
§ '
Fixed Tgt Indicator
§ '
Syn Aperture Radar • .
UAV Data:
o '
Electro Optical
o '
Thermal(IR)
• .
SIGINT Data,(CTT):
o ' TIBS,TRIXS,TRAP, & TADIXS-B
• .
Interoperability:
o '
TACFIRE/AFATDS
o '
ASAS
o '
Standard Tactical Comms
o '
Commercial Comms
o '
Secure FAX
• .
Operations:
o '
Display/manipulate multi-sensor data
o '
Remote Display
o '
Interactive Data Link
o '
Color Hardcopy Imagery
o '
B&W Hardcopy Reports
o '
Msn History Replay
o '
Electronic Maps
o '
GPS
o '
Graphics, targeting, track display & tgt files
AN/TSQ-179
Joint STARS Common Ground Station (CGS)
Joint STARS
Common Ground Station (CGS) is a product improvement of the LGSM. It includes
all the functionality of the LGSM plus extensive technological improvements. It
incorporates additional mission functionality into a fully mobile targeting,
battlefield management, and surveillance system. It receives, manipulates,
displays, stores, and disseminates Joint STARS, UAV, Army AVN, SIGINT,
broadcast intelligence and secondary imagery from tactical, theater and
national systems. The CGS is designed to operate on the move and at a secret
collateral level. It interfaces with ACE, TOC, aviation and artillery nodes.
The CGS has a robust suite of modern communications which include SATCOM and
CTT. CGS facilitates intelligence, surveillance, targeting and other battle
management operations. It provides the force with a fully scalable, tailorable,
mobile, and responsive sensor data processing capability to satisfy operational
and tactical requirements. The system’s open architecture allows performance
improvements and physical downsizing through insertion of evolving
communications and computer technology.
Joint
STARS) Common Ground Station (CGS), nomenclatured as Target Acquisition
Subsystem AN/TSQ-179(V)1, provides support to Army field commanders by
simultaneously receiving, processing, displaying, manipulating, storing,
retrieving, and disseminating information to intelligence, fire support and
command and control elements from Brigade to Echelons Above Corps (EAC).
The CGS
receives Imagery-Intelligence (IMINT), Electronics-Intelligence (ELINT), and
Communications-Intelligence (COMINT) information of enemy forces across the
forward line of own troops via multiple sensors and Intelligence Broadcast
Networks (IBNs). IMINT sensor interfaces of the CGS include Joint STARS,
secondary image dissemination, and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) (both video
and telemetry). ELINT and COMINT data from IBNs is accessed through the
Commanderís Tactical Terminal (CTT)/Joint Tactical Terminal (JTT). Data sources
include the Joint STARS aircraft, Guardrail, U2, Rivet Joint, UAV Ground
Control Station (UAV GCS), Apache Longbow, and Airborne Reconnaissance Low
(ARL). Global Positioning System (GPS) provides the CGS with current time and
location, which is the basis for correlation of sensor and IBN data.
CGS output,
in Tactical Fire Direction System/Advanced Field Artillery Tactical Data System
(TACFIRE/AFATADS) or All Source Analysis System (ASAS) message format, is
provided to command, control, communications and intelligence nodes via secure
or non-secure wire or radio. This enables the development and execution of
plans for integrated battle management, surveillance, targeting, and
interdiction.
Logistics
The CGS can
be transported worldwide. Methods for transporting the CGS include air (C-130,
C-141, C-17 and C-5 aircraft; CH-47D and CH-53E helicopters), water (LACV-30
and larger vessels; amphibious crafts such as LCUs), rail (standard flat cars),
and ground. A CGS, fully manned with a crew of six operators, is capable of
operating 24 hours a day, with up to 1.5 hours per day for system preventive
maintenance and displacement.
The CGS is
supportable using standard Army logistics. All integrated standard military
items (i.e., Government Furnished Equipment (GFE)) are maintained in accordance
with the maintenance concept established within the published technical manuals
of those items. For unique CGS design items, to include integrated
Non-Developmental Items (NDI)/Commercial Off-the-Shelf (COTS) items, the
following procedures are used:
1. Unit
Level: Equipment maintenance is performed at the lowest practical echelon using
personnel trained in the appropriate Military Occupational Specialty (MOS). At
unit level, 90% of all faults are isolated to the Line Replaceable Unit (LRU),
principally by the operator (MOS 96H) using built-in test or direct
observation. The Mean Time to Repair (MTTR) at the unit level is 30 minutes or
less.
2. Direct
Support (DS): DS contact teams repair or exchange circuit card assemblies,
modules, or LRUs and fault isolate and repair or replace LRUs associated with
the 10% of faults not isolated at unit level. Contact teams are comprised of
MOS 33T, Electronic Warfare/Intercept Tactical Equipment Repairers, and other
maintenance specialty personnel as needed. Under normal conditions, 100% of all
faults are resolved on-site between the unit and DS levels. The MTTR at DS is 1
hour or less.
3. General
Support (GS): There are no tasks identified for GS maintenance. However, GS may
provide a backup capability to DS by performing limited off-equipment repairs,
in addition to go/no-go tests to verify that items are unserviceable. Items
repaired by GS would normally be returned to the supply system. Repairs beyond
the capabilities of DS/GS will be evacuated to the depot level.
4. Depot:
A five year warranty is established for the CGS. The warranty begins at
Government acceptance of each CGS and covers all unique components
(developmental and NDI/COTS) provided by the CGS contractor. The warranty also
covers the integration of GFE into the CGS, but does not extend to the GFE
itself. To cover maintenance and supply requirements beyond the scope of the
warranty, Contractor Logistics Support is planned for depot support of the CGS.
A primary
goal of the CGS program was to develop a fully capable ground station with a
support system that would meet all system requirements at reduced acquisition
costs and minimal life cycle (operation and support) cost. This was accomplished
through the maximization of NDI/COTS hardware and software and reuse of
technical data and functional capabilities previously developed for the Joint
STARS Medium Ground Station Module (MGSM) and Light Ground Station Module
(LGSM).
Physical
Description and Functionality
A CGS
system consists of a mission vehicle, lightweight multipurpose shelter
containing mission equipment, support vehicle, and two trailer mounted
generators. The mission and support vehicles, which tow the trailers, are heavy
variant High Mobility Multipurpose Wheeled Vehicles (HMMWVs). The CGS can
deploy from movement to operation in 15 minutes, using only the six crew
members.
Each CGS
contains a Remote Workstation (RWS) in the truck cab and connections for
interfacing up to four other RWSs at remote locations. The RWS has the same
functional capabilities as the internal CGS operator workstation, in addition
to providing CGS functions for in-unit training (e.g., CGS sensor and message
traffic stimulation and other training functions). The RWS modes of operation
are remote mode, training mode, and CGS workstation mode. In remote mode, all
the capabilities of internal workstations are available, except transmitting
intelligence, targeting, and tasking messages. Training mode is operation of
the RWS as a lesson control workstation for in-unit training. The CGS
workstation mode provides all the capabilities of an internal CGS workstation,
except audio. The RWS also provides an interface for additional displays.
CGSs can
function independently or may be interconnected to other CGSs over a fiber
optic local area network. When interconnected, their multiple databases can be
integrated. The CGS hardware and software architectures also facilitate
Pre-Planned Product Improvements (P3I), such as additional sensor interfaces,
additional command and control interfaces, enhanced processing and display
capabilities, and growth to other platforms via technology insertion. Standards
for the CGS automated data processing architecture comply with Army C4I
Technical Architecture standards.
The
following summarizes some of the major CGS functional capabilities:
1. simultaneous
and independent asynchronous receipt, storage, and display of sensor data from
multiple sensors and Intelligence Broadcast Networks (IBNs) on each operator
display, including:
2. Joint
STARS Moving Target Indicator (MTI), Fixed Target Indicator (FTI), and
Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery
3. correlated
Tactical Reconnaissance Intelligence Exchange System (TRIXS), Tactical Information
Broadcast Service (TIBS), Tactical and Related Applications (TRAP) and Tactical
Data Information Exchange System-B (TADIX-B) IBN data
4. Unmanned
Aerial Vehicle (UAV) video and graphical telemetry data
5. Secondary
Imagery Dissemination (SID) imagery and data
6. Apache
Longbow MTI
7. electronic
map backgrounds from Defense Mapping Agency products (Compressed Arc Digitized
Raster Graphics (CADRG) map data and Digital Terrain Elevation Data (DTED))
8. incoming
and outgoing messages
9. maintain
spatial relationships of simultaneously displayed data from multi-mode sensors
10. manipulation
of on-screen data (e.g., generating graphical overlays, automatic target
tracking, target prediction, single frame, time compression, and time
integration of imagery data)
11. display
sensor positions
12. relay
Joint STARS data to other CGSs via Trojan Spirit and UHF SATCOM
13. secure
and non-secure radio and phone communications among CGS operators, Joint STARS
aircraft, GSM operators, and Army command and control systems
14. transfer
CGS database contents to other designated CGSs
15. on-line
storage and archive storage capabilities for sensor data
16. on-the-move
operations
17. utilize
Global Positioning System (GPS) for current time and location
18. print
and fax on-screen imagery data and messages
The CGS has
a 158 hour mean time between failures, at an 80% confidence level. This
includes all hardware failures (except Government furnished equipment) and
software failures that result in the loss of a performance or interface
requirement. The operational availability of the CGS is 0.80, which includes
all hardware failures and software failures that result in the loss of a
performance or interface requirement.
SYSTEM
SUMMARY
FEATURES:
• .
Situation development
• .
Battle management
• .
Targeting
• .
Force protection
• .
Limited BDA/TDA
• .
Operations Planning
PHYSICAL
PARAMETERS:
• .
Light - 2xHMMWV & shelter
PERFORMANCE
AND CHARACTERISTICS:
• .
Joint STARS Data:
o '
Wide area surveillance
o -
MTI
o '
Small area surveil
o -
Sector search
o -
Target classification
o -
Attack planning
o -
Attack Control
o '
Fixed Tgt Indicator
o ' Syn Aperture Radar
• .
UAV/Army AVN Data:
o '
Electro Optical
o '
Thermal (IR) • .
SIGINT Data, CTT 3 channel:
o '
TRIXS, TRAP, TADIXS-B,
o TIBS,
& GPL
• .
OTHER:
o '
Secondary Imagery
o '
U2/TRI MTI/Imagery
• .
Interoperability:
o '
TACFIRE/AFATDS
o ASAS/TROJAN/GBCS/JDISS/
o A2C2/Other
o '
Standard Tactical Comms
o '
Commercial Comms
o '
Secure FAX
• .
Operations:
o '
Same as LGSM
o '
Remote Work Station
o '
Interactive Data Link
o '
Color Hardcopy Imagery
o '
B&W Hardcopy Reports
o '
Msn History Replay
o '
Graphics, E Maps, GPS, Track Display, Tgt Files
Key Events
Dec 95 CGS
Contract Award (for 18 systems; total quantity with options is 137 systems)
Mar 97
Reliability Qualification Test (RQT)
May 97
Software Qualification Test (SQT)
Sep 97
Initial Operational Test and Evaluation (IOT&E)
3QFY97
Start of CGS LRIP Delivery
3QFY98
Milestone III Decision
The total
planned buy is 20 Air Force aircraft, 95 GSMs for the Army, and 2 GSMs for the
Marine Corps. When completely fielded, the GSM will be the most numerous
military intelligence end-item in the Army, located from maneuver brigade up
through echelons above corps (EAC). Current fielding plans call for each
division to have six GSMs; corps will have seven GSMs ( 6 per Corps and 1 per
Armored Cavalry Regiment), and each EAC MI Brigade will have two. CGSs will be
fielded to Military Intelligence (MI) brigades at EAC, MI Battalions (BN) at
corps, and division headquarters companies and artillery units at both corps
and division. CGSs will be located at Corps Tactical Operations Centers (CTOC)
and Corps Artillery Tactical Operations Centers (ATOC). CGSs at corps artillery
will support Army Tactical Missile System (ATACMS) tactical operations centers.
CGSs at divisions will be located at Division Tactical Operations Centers
(DTOC), Division Artillery (DIVARTY), and each brigade operations center.
The current
Ground Station Modules/Common Ground Stations (GSM/CGS) BOI (Basis of Issue)
Plan is 1 GSM/CGS per Corps Artillery HHB and 1 per FA Bde HHB. Doctrinal
requirements are 1 per Corps Arty HHB, 2 per FA Bde HHB, and 1 per DIVARTY HHB.
US Army Field Artillery School [USAFAS] TDA also requires one set for training
purposes. The total shortfall is 59 GSM/CGS (17 AC and 42 RC). Two GSM/CGS per
FA Bde provides the necessary flexibility to conduct counterfire and deep
battle responsibilities. A GSM/CGS at DIVARTY TOC enables real-time
identification of high pay-off targets and supports fire support and targeting
functions. However, this allocation has been disapproved, and the quantity and
distribution of the GSM/CGS will be relooked in FORCE XXI AWE.
Potential
future JSTARS GSM improvements were evaluated in JWID-97. As part of a combined
demonstration plan, the Time Critical Targeting Aid (TCTA) and the JSTARS
Imagery Geolocational Improvement (JIGI) software seek to enhance the value of
JSTARS data within the AOC and other users for Theater Missile Defense (TMD)
and the application of stand-off weapons. TCTA, an intelligence and targeting
operations tool, combines in a single display DSP, SIGINT and other
intelligence information with JSTARS Moving Target Indicator (MTI) and
Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data to allow rapid targeting within TMD
timelines. TCTA also provides historical database and analysis tools for the
identification of traffic patterns, loading points, hide sites and other areas
of intelligence value. JIGI, a modified version of the Multi-Image Exploitation
Tool (MET), produces targeting-quality geolocational information by registering
imagery collected by JSTARS' on-board sensor with archived national imagery (or
any other precise datum). Once registered, the geolocational accuracy of the
national image is transferred to the JSTARS image, improving the accuracy by up
to an order of magnitude over a JSTARS-only product. Locations of
mobile/relocatable targets not present when national imagery was taken can be
obtained with sufficient accuracy to provide a desired mean point of impact
(DMPI) for Joint Stand-Off Weapon (JSOW) and Wind-Corrected Munitions Dispenser
(WCMD).
Sources and
Methods
• JOINT
SURVEILLANCE TARGET ATTACK RADAR SYSTEM (Joint STARS) FM 34-25-1 3 October 1995
• AN/TSQ-168(V)
JOINT STARS MEDIUM GROUND STATION MODULE (MGSM) Basis of Issue Plan
• AN/TSQ-178
JOINT STARS LIGHT FORCES GROUND-STATION MODULE (LGSM) Basis of Issue Plan
• AN/TSQ-179(V)1
COMMON GROUND STATION (CGS) Basis of Issue Plan
• Joint
STARS Common Ground Station (CGS) PEO IEW
• JSTARS
Ground Station Module (JSTARS GSM) Directorate of Combat Developments
• Joint
STARS Common Ground Station (CGS) Directorate of Combat Developments
• PM,
JSTARS/JTT JOINT STARS GROUND STATION MODULE (GSM)COMMON GROUND STATION (CGS)
Fiscal Year 1997 Command, Control, Communications, Computers, Intelligence and
Electronic Warfare and Sensors (C4IEW&S) Project Book U.S. Army
Communications-Electronics Command (CECOM) - April 1997
• PM
JointSTARS U.S. Army Communications-Electronics Command (CECOM)
• Ground
Station Module/Common Ground Station Interoperability
• Motorola
Factsheets
o Joint
Surveillance Target Attack Radar System (Joint STARS)
o Common
Ground Station (CGS)
o Light
Ground Station Module (LGSM)
o Medium
Ground Station Module (MGSM)
o NATO
AGS Ground Station Module
o Common
Ground Station Training System (CGSTS)
________________________________________
http://www.fas.org/irp/program/process/jstars-gsm.htm
Created by
John Pike
Maintained
by Steven Aftergood
Updated
Wednesday, January 26, 2000 3:37:29 PM
October/November
2000 - CER BULLETIN, ISSUE 14
EUROPEAN
DEFENCE: THE NEXT STEPS
Christoph Bertram, Charles Grant and François Heisbourg
Last year,
the Kosovo air war highlighted the impotence of Europe's armed forces.The
Americans provided more than three-quarters of the bombs dropped, and most of the
advanced communications equipment. Whereas the European members of NATO spend
about 60 per cent of what the US does on defence, their ability to deploy force
in a region such as the Balkans is a meagre fraction of the Americans'.
The Helsinki European Council of last December agreed on the "headline
goal" of a 60,000-strong Rapid Reaction Force. This represents a major
step forward, so long as the force is - as planned -deployable within 60 days
and able to operate for at least a year. Because of the need to rotate troops
in and out of the area concerned, this implies a manpower pool of around
200,000 soldiers. However, the fulfilment of the headline goal alone will not
be enough to ensure that Europe is truly capable of mounting autonomous
military missions. Europe also needs, for example, more command, control and
communications systems, and more capacity for moving men and equipment.
Furthermore, given the unceasing pressure on defence budgets, Europe needs to
find ways of delivering better value for money. Europe's governments should
therefore consider further, more radical options. In particular, they should
define the areas in which armed forces can be pooled without an excessive loss
of sovereignty, and then develop common capabilities in those areas.
The prospects of such an approach appear promising. For one thing, it is hard
to imagine that any major European country would wish to act alone in a
military operation outside its homeland. For another, there has been much
convergence among the armed forces of the major European countries, a process
which is continuing. Spain is establishing a professional army, while Italy has
declared its intention to do so. And Germany, following defence minister Rudolf
Scharping's response to the recent Weizsacker Commission, has at last decided
to develop the capabilities that are suitable for deploying troops outside the
European Union.
The European Council has already proposed the establishment of an EU air
transport command. Such a scheme, which could be called "Eurolift",
would make a much bigger impact if most European countries purchased the same
military transport aircraft. This may happen, since Britain, France and Germany
have recently announced their intention to develop and buy the Airbus A400M.
Joint logistics, training and maintenance for these aircraft, along with the
establishment of a joint command, would enhance military efficiency and provide
substantial savings in an area that is crucial for the ability to send forces
overseas. Eurolift could also embrace sea transport.
Eurolift
need not provoke too many worries about national sovereignty. Each country
would retain ultimate control of its transport assets, and have the right to withdraw
them in the case of a national emergency; but these are likely to be few and
rarely long-lasting. In any case, transport operations are less politically
sensitive than combat missions. It should not be too much to expect the
Europeans to achieve as much integration in this area as NATO already has with
its fleet of AWACS early-warning aircraft.
A more sensitive common capability would involve the Eurofighter combat
aircraft, which will become the mainstay of the airforces of at least four EU
countries (Britain, Germany, Italy and Spain) for several decades to come. It
is likely that other EU countries will also buy the Eurofighter, which will be
by far the most costly weapons system in the European inventory. Thus any
method for reducing the life-cycle costs of the aircraft, that also boosted
operational efficiency, would be particularly desirable. In issue nine of the
CER Bulletin, Tim Garden and John Roper argued the case for integrating the
training, maintenance, logistics and command of the various Eurofighter
squadrons as tightly as possible.
There is also the all-important human dimension. Europe's armed forces need to
learn to think in common if they are to act effectively in common. This calls
for the creation of a European Defence Academy, to provide a common educational
basis for the officers from the various EU countries. Such an academy would, at
minimal cost, promote the long-overdue convergence of defence policies,
structures and doctrines.
Of course, such initiatives will not in themselves give Europe the Common
Foreign and Security Policy to which its governments aspire. But the delivery
of more effective capabilities would contribute to the material basis for that
ambition.
Along with the Rapid Reaction Force, these initiatives would help to establish
the sort of solidarites de fait which have traditionally proven so effective in
bringing Europeans together. They would also deliver better value for money,
which electorates and finance ministries expect of their defence ministries. And
by showing the Americans that the Europeans can and will do more for
themselves, as well as for their common alliance, they would help to establish
the credibility of a European foreign and security policy.
Christoph
Bertram is director of the Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik;Francois Heisbourg
is Chairman of the Geneva Centre for Security Policy. A longer version of this
article has appeared in both the FrankfurterAllgemeine Zeitung and in Le Monde.
Centre for European Reform © CER 2000
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Affordable Rapid
Response Missile Demonstrator (ARRMD)
The objective
of the DARPA Affordable Rapid Response Missile Demonstrator (ARRMD) program is
to build and demonstrate in flight an affordable Mach 6-8, scramjet-powered,
hydrocarbon-fueled missile for conduct of rapid-response, long-range missions
against time-critical (2-8 min, 100-600 nmi) targets. In addition, a high-speed
missile would enable nano-layer structured penetrators to take advantage of
much higher impact velocities for the defeat of hard and deeply buried targets.
Specific
program goals include: (1) demonstrate affordable manufacturing processes to
enable hypersonic missile production at an average unit flyaway price of $200K;
(2) develop a concept of operations with the user for a high-speed missile; (3)
demonstrate aeropropulsion performance of a high-speed missile launch platform
compatibility with tactical aircraft and the Navy's Vertical Launching System;
and (4) achieve Mach 6-8 cruise with an overall range of 400 - 600 nmi.
The program
has been designed as a two-phased program to enable risk reduction associated
with demonstrating that hypersonic missile technologies can be delivered
affordably. In the $10 million first phase, two contractors will design a
high-speed flight vehicle, perform manufacturability demonstrations, conduct
propulsion integrated flow path demonstrations, and perform flight test
planning. In addition, an independent affordability assessment and warfighting
payoff assessment will be performed. The affordability assessment will provide
insight and confidence in the ability of industry to achieve a $200,000 average
unit flyaway production price. The warfighting payoff assessment will lay the
groundwork for establishing military utility of a hypersonic missile.
In August
1998 the Boeing Phantom Works was awarded a $10 million 18-month contract to
design and conduct developmental tests of two different hypersonic vehicle
concepts, each capable of cruise speeds of more than Mach 6. One vehicle has a
long, wide, flat shape, which will allow it to ride on its own shock wave for
reduced drag. This "waverider" concept will be propelled by a
supersonic ramjet (scramjet) engine currently being developed by Pratt &
Whitney for the U.S. Air Force. The other vehicle has a more traditional
cylindrical shape. It will use a dual-combustion ram/scramjet engine originally
developed by Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory for the US
Navy but now being adapted for ARRMD by Aerojet.
The $50
million Phase 2 may follow successful completion of Phase 1, through a contract
option to assemble flight vehicle(s) and conduct flight demonstration testing.
If ARRMD performance and affordability objectives can be demonstrated under the
first phase of the agreement, DARPA plans to continue with a 30-month
producibility and flight test demonstration program with one or both of the
hypersonic concepts. A hypersonic missile flight demonstration is planned in
the program in 2001.
A
successful ARRMD program would allow the Department of Defense to pursue an
engineering and manufacturing development program as early as 2004 and have an
operational missile in the US Navy and Air Force fleets by 2010.
The Air
Force Hypersonic Technology (HyTech) Program has put programs in place to
develop the technologies necessary to demonstrate the operability, performance
and structural durability of an expendable, liquid hydrocarbon fueled scramjet
system that operates from Mach 4 to 8. This program will culminate in a flight
type engine test at representative flight conditions. The hypersonic technology
base that will be developed and demonstrated under HyTech will establish the
foundation to enable hypersonic propulsion systems for a broad range of air
vehicle applications from missiles to space access vehicles. Pratt &
Whitney is developing the technology for hypersonic components and engines. A
supersonic combustion ramjet (scramjet) database was developed using hydrogen
fueled propulsion systems for space access vehicles and serves as a point of
departure for the current development of hydrocarbon scramjets.
arrmd-rapid.gif
arrmd-rapid.gif
|
Specifications |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sources and Resources
·
GenCorp Aerojet wins contract for
hypersonic missile engine development August 10, 1998
·
FAST REACTION WEAPONS DEMONSTRATION
SOL F08630-99-C-0076
·
DARPA Affordable Rapid Response Missile
Demonstrator (ARRMD)
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HyStrike
High Speed Strike Missile
Fast Hawk
Low-Cost Missile
HyStrike
will begin the development of an operational hypersonic weapon that will be
fielded in the 2005 to 2012 time frame. A Low-Cost Missile with reduced radar
cross-section is to be demonstrated by the US Navy. The surface-launched system
could hit underground targets to a depth of 12 meters after flying at beyond
Mach 4. The wingless missile would change direction in flight by using a
bending body joint. The LCMS concept comprises a fin-less, bending body
airframe, fixed geometry annular inlet, and a slip-out booster/ramjet engine.
It demonstrates through a series of ground and flight tests the technologies
required to deliver a 700-pound payload to a range exceeding 700 nautical miles
at a speed of Mach 4.0.
The Office
of Naval Research sponsors the Hypersonics Weapons Technology (HWT) and the
Low-Cost Missile (LCM) programs. The HWT Program is investigating technologies
necessary for effective weapon-system operation in the hypersonic realm. The
LCM Program - commonly known as Fast Hawk - is developing an entry-level
capability for a Mach 4 hypersonic weapon. Both of these ONR programs will feed
into the Hypersonic Strike (HyStrike) Program sponsored by the chief of naval
operations (N88; N87; and N86).
A unique
aspect of this Navy programs is that the goal is a single hypersonic strike
weapon that will be launchable from air, surface and subsurface platforms. This
is a first-time collaboration between these three communities to develop a
common weapon system for time-critical and deeply buried targets. It is
intended to produce increased operations effectiveness as well as life-cycle
cost saving.
When
fielded, the hypersonic strike weapon is intended to have a major positive
impact on battlespace management. The weapon's greatly decreased time to target
will give the command, control, communications, computers and intelligence
(C4I) components more time to search for and identify time-critical threats.
Powerful kinetic penetrators will defeat the enemy's tactic of burrowing deeper
or building stronger bunkers. And the ability to take out threat weapons before
they are launched will increase US and allied survivability, efficiently, cost
effectively - and soon.
The
hypersonic weapon's immense destructive power results from kinetic energy. An
object striking a target at Mach 8 will generate 64 times the force of an object
of the same mass striking the target at Mach 1. This phenomenon makes
hypersonic weapons well suited to attacking hardened or deeply buried targets
such as command bunkers or biological-weapon storage facilities.
Aerothermic
heating, caused by the friction of air passing the weapon body, is one area of
intensive research. At Mach 4, as the hypersonic weapon passes through the
lower atmosphere in the terminal phase of its flight, its surface reaches about
1200 degrees Fahrenheit. This level is within the tolerance range of new
titanium and inconel materials. At Mach 6, however, the surface temperatures
exceed 2800 F and at Mach 8 over 5600 F; skin materials, as well as internal
temperature control, become a much larger issue.
On 25 March
1997 The Boeing Company received an $8 million contract from the US Navy for
the Low Cost Missile System (LCMS) Advanced Technology Demonstration (ATD)
program, called Fasthawk. The 36-month program will demonstrate technologies
applicable to a next-generation, ship-launched, land attack missile system. The
LCMS ATD program is conducted jointly with the Naval Air Warfare Center, China
Lake, CA.
The
compliance of this system with various bilateral arms control treaties remains
an unresolved issue.
|
Specifications |
|
|
Mission |
Attack,
Destroy, & Hold at Risk Short Dwell and/or Time-Critical Targets at Long
Standoff Ranges |
|
Range |
up to 600
nmi / over 700 nmi |
|
Average
speed |
Mach 3.5
to Mach 7 |
|
Features |
·
High
weapon survivability ·
Penetration
of 18-36 feet of concrete ·
Reactive
SEAD ·
Day,
night, adverse weather operation ·
Family
of Hypersonic Cruise Missiles ·
Neckdown
to 1 type of Weapon vice 6 currently ·
Minimize
cost of ownership |
|
Operational |
2010 IOC |
|
Platforms |
Navy/Shipboard
compatible F/A-18 E/F, JSF, F-22, F-16, F-15E, B52, B-2,B-1, MLRS, Surface
ships, & submarines |
hystrike_view1.jpg
hystrike_view1.jpghystrike_view2.jpg
hystrike_view2.jpg
hystrike_vg2.gif
hystrike_vg2.gifhystrike_vg6.gif
hystrike_vg6.gif
hystrike_vg1.gif
hystrike_vg1.gifhystrike_vg4.gif
hystrike_vg4.gif
hystrike_vg3.gif
hystrike_vg3.gifhystrike_vg5.gif
hystrike_vg5.gif
docs/M1QPMGLV.MOV
docs/M1QPMGLV.MOVdocs/HI_SPEED.mov
docs/HI_SPEED.movdocs/MUVJ891R.MOV
docs/MUVJ891R.MOV
Sources and
Resources
·
NAVY HYPERSONIC STRIKE INITIATIVE
(HyStrike)
·
Hypersonic Cruise Missile by RADM Dennis V. McGinn
·
Hypersonic Weapon Technology
Alliance vgs 21 May
1997
·
CONCERNS, CONCEPTS, QUESTIONS FOR
THE HIGH SPEED STRIKE SYSTEM
·
OPNAV HIGH SPEED STRIKE INITIATIVE
(HiSS) ROADMAP 16
July 1997
·
OPNAV HIGH SPEED STRIKE SYSTEM
(HiSSS) ROADMAP 16
July 1997
·
LOW COST MISSILE SYSTEM (LCMS)
FASTHAWK
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ATKINS
Teknologi skal forbedre EU-sikkerhed
Teknologien skal øge sikkerheden for EU-borgerne. Derfor har EU øget sit fokus på elektronisk overvågning og beskyttelse.
| tirsdag 08.02.2005 kl. 11:21
Opdateret: tirsdag 08.02.2005 kl. 11:23
EU-Kommissionen vil med et nyt forskningsprogram sætte fokus
på teknologien som middel til at øge sikkerheden for borgerne.
Programmet, kendt som The Preparatory Action (forberedende handling), vil
blandt andet betyde øget elektronisk overvågning ved eksempelvis
metrostationer, stadions eller andre tæt pakkede steder, oplyser Kommissionen.
Planerne om øget fokus på den teknologiske udvikling er en underafdeling af det
kommende og overordnede European Security Research Programme, der vil tage fart
fra 2007 og betragteligt øge budgettet i sikkerhedsforskningen.
Ny runde af ideer til øget sikkerhed
I første del af Preparatory Action Programme i 2003, kom der
170 bud fra diverse interesserede, og EU opfordrer derfor industri og
forskningsinstitutioner til endnu en gang at byde ind i den nye runde, der har
deadline 30 maj 2005.
Tanken er, at den teknologiske del af programmet skal udvikle, demonstrere og
godkende teknologiske løsninger inden for en række områder, hedder det i en
meddelelse.
Nogle af de områder, der vil være i fokus i den kommende 2005-runde, er
identifikation og vurdering af trusler mod EU, beskyttelse af netværk og
kommunikation, beskyttelse mod forskellige former for terrorisme,
krisehåndtering og standardisering af udstyr og procedurer.
ARCTEC
Services, Colorado Springs, Colo., is being awarded a $41,094,046 fixed price
incentive fee contract modification to fund option-Year 4, Fiscal Year 2004 (1
October 2003 through 30 September 2004) to manage, operate, maintain, and logistically
support the solid state phase array radar system at Cape Code AFS, MA; Beale
Air Force Base, Calif.; Thule Air Base, GL; Clear AS, AK and RAD Flyingdales,
UK. ARCTEC will perform this effort in Colorado Springs and at Clear Air
Force Station, Alaska (68%), and at other locations. Total funds have
been obligated. This work will be complete by September 2004. The
21st Space Wing, Peterson Air Force Base, Colo., is the contracting activity
(F05604-99-C-9004, P00298).
http://www.wslfweb.org/docs/roadmap/irm/internet/milsat/roadmap/milsat.htm
Til oplysning
Milstar og Thule-radar får penge længe inden
politikernes aftaler og godkendelsen af opgraderingen af Først Fylingdales
radaren, og senere af Thulebase radaren i 2004.
Milstar II tilføjes og Thule-radaren opføres og
bevilliges midler længe før aftalen om forsvaret af Grønland underskrives på Hiroshima-dagen
2004. Milsatcom (Milstar blok II og III og Satcom) installationen har jeg selv besigtiget adskillige gange
under mit ophold i Stjernefredslejren i 2002.
Se yderligere Rapport på Fredsakademiet A
response …. Af Ann Lee.
Af Holger Terp:
CONTRACTS
from the United States Department of Defense
October 1, 2003
Harris Technical Services Corp., Colorado
Springs, Colo., is being awarded a $46,775,187 cost-plus award-fee contract
modification to provide for communications, operations, maintenance services to
be provided to Air Force Space Command’s 50th Space Wing, to include:
configuration management, electrical power systems management, communications
systems engineering, small computer hardware maintenance, and database
applications support 24 hour maintenance management, industrial safety,
communications security, information management, local area network management,
communications network control center operations, and visual information
management, communications circuit management, satellite control center
support, computer operations support, communications-computer systems
maintenance and operation for the Defense Satellite Communications System,
Secure Communication System, MILSTAR, and other operations in support of the
Air Force Satellite Control Network. Report is for announcement of
Exercise of Option only. Harris Technical Services will perform this
effort Schriever Air Force Base, Colo. Total funds have been
obligated. This work will be complete by September 2004. The 50th
Contracting Squadron, Schriever Air Force Base, Colo., is the con
tracting
activity (FA2550-02-C-0007, P00019).
DET 3
Dette er et uddrag af et debatforum tidligere ansatte på Thulebasen har på Internettet:
http://www.thuleab.dk/index.php?option=content&task=view&id=6&Itemid=29
Another Thule mission dates back to 1961 when the Air
Force established a satellite command and control facility (OL-5) to track and
communicate with US satellites in polar orbit.
Now known as Det 3, it is part of the Air Force Space Command worldwide
satellite command and control network.
Det 3 is one of nine worldwide satellite tracking
stations and constitutes the common user portion of the Air Force Satellite
Control Network (AFSCN).
This network directly supports space operations by providing telemetry tracking
and Command and Control to satellites developed and deployed by DOD, other US
government agencies, and allied governments.
It also provides data distribution and routing systems to support external
users programs and other ground elements
Info provided by Capt. Ken Cozier
Kilder:
Forsvarsministeriets lovforslag af 17.
december 2004 om lov til etablering af udbygget radarovervågning af Danmarks
farvandsområder.
FAS
Terma: <http;//www.hod.dk/Danske
Officerer%C3%85rgang 2002/nov02.pdf>
October/November 2000 – Centre for European Reform - CER
bulletin, Issue 14. ‘EUROPEAN DEFENCE: THE NEXT STEPS’)
EU/NATO/USA alliancen: < http;//ue.eu.int/cms3fo/showPage.asp?id=261&lang=EN&mode=g
Aftelen i Istanbul: < http://www.nato.int/docu/pr/2004/p04-096e.htm
>
G6 divisionen: < http://www.arrc.nato.int/brochure/g6htm >
NATO og Industrien: < http://www.namsa.nato.int/s2000m/s2000m_e.htm
Dansk søfart: http://www.navalhistory.dk/Danish/SoevaernsNyt/2004/Byggeboom.htm
http://www.navalhistory.dk/Danish/SoevaernsNyt/2005/NyePatruljeskibe.htm